Louis Braille was born 4 January 1809 in France (1809-52), He developed the 6-dot finger tip reading system known as braille, for the visually impaired.
It was not the only system developed but it was the most successful and is used around much of the world today.
For more information about the evolution in England on reading systems for the blind listen to the free podcast lecture held at The National Archives. Blindness in Victorian Britain presented by Heather Tilley, a British Academy postdoctoral research fellow at Birkbeck, University of London